nuclei

To free electrons, something has to make them whirl fast enough to break away from their nuclei.

为了释放电子，必须使电子高速旋转而足以摆脱原子核的束缚。

When neutrinos interact with electrons or nuclei of those water or oil molecules, they give off a flash of light that sensors can detect.

当中微子与那些水分子或油分子的电子或原子核相互作用时，会发出传感器可以检测到的闪光。